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2 August 2026
this a 200 watt bstc* 5~30% gain solar panel, that is right 200 watt bstc*5~30+ gain panel, built in America by Americans , these panels are built with full bifacial mono perc cells they are not that cut cell crap, with clear back sheet these panels can produce 5%- 30% increased output in optimized conditions, they are tested full power and have full warranty, these 12 volt solar panels are ready for all your needs, they can be used for commercial or residential settings, they are 58.7 inch x 26.625 inch 24 pounds, perfect for that small place, they can be connected in series for 24 volt and 48 volt systems, these are not flimsy panels no they are hardy with 3.2mm tempered glass fronts, the 5 buss bar mono crystalline cells make these panels perfect for low light areas, 40mm heavy duty frames that can be used in a bolt down or clamp system, this panel has the same diodes as all manufactures, this panel has A transferable 25 yr. limited output warranty, a copy will be sent with every panel, we are proud to be assembling panels in America, this panel is made with American and imported materials as all American solar panels are, we have been in business for 20 years and are happy to bring these new products to market, we did a flash test of just the back of this panel and it was 127 watt wow, we will supply a copy of the front and back test sheet with each panel, where is your panels test sheet Electrical Data Maximum Power Output: 200 Watts ~260.0 watts Max Operating Voltage (Vmpp): 19.61Volts – 20.605volts Max Operating Current (Imp): 10.38Amps – 13.00 amps Open Circuit Voltage (Voc): 24.21Volts – 24.960 voltsShort Circuit Current (Isc): 10.83 Amps – 13.00 amps Module Efficiency: 17.3% -22.0%Temperature coefficient of Voc: -0.31% °CTemperature coefficient of power: -0.29% °CTemperature coefficient of Isc current: ±0.05% °CNOCT (nominal operating cell temperature): 45 ° C (± ° C*The efficiency of BSCs is usually determined by means of independent efficiency measurements of the front and rear sides under one sun. Sometimes also, the BSC is characterized using its equivalent efficiency defined as the efficiency of a monofacial cell able to render the same power per unit area as the bifacial cell at the same test conditions. Alternatively, the equivalent efficiency has been defined as the sum of the front and rear side efficiencies weighted by the relative amounts of irradiance on both sides.Another related parameter is the Bifaciality Factor, defined as the ratio of the front and rear efficiencies when illuminated and measured independently.{displaystyle {text{Bifaciality factor }}(%)=left[{frac {eta _{text{front}}}{eta _{text{rear}}}}right]times 100}Also specific to BSCs is the Separation Rate , that intends to measure the Bifacial Illumination Effect predicted by McIntosh et al. in 1997 by which, the electrical output of BSCs operating under bifacial illumination would not necessarily equal the sum of the front-only and rear-only electrical output, i.e. it is not merely a linear combination of the monofacial characteristics:{displaystyle {text{Separation rate }}(%)=left[{frac {X_{text{front+rear}}}{X_{text{front}}+X_{text{rear}}}}right]times 100}Typically X represents one of the cell characteristic parameters such as the short circuit current Jsc, the peak power Pmax or the efficiency η. Furthermore, to characterize BSC operation under simultaneous front and rear irradiation, the irradiance gain, g, defined as:{displaystyle g={frac {G_{f}+G_{r}}{G_{f}}}} so that {displaystyle x={frac {G_{r}}{G_{f}}}=g-1}and a bifacial 1.x Efficiency can be defined as the efficiency obtained under a simultaneous irradiance of a certain amount on the front face and x times this amount on the rear side of the BSC. Then the actual gain of a BSC with respect to a monofacial one can be expressed through the Gain-Efficiency Product, which is the product of the irradiance gain g and the bifacial 1.x Efficiency. references Ohtsuka, H.; Sakamoto, M.; Koyama, M.; Tsutsui, K.; Uematsu, T.; Yazawa, Y. (2001). “. Progress in Photovoltaics. 9: 1–13. .^ McIntosh, K.R.; Honsberg, C.B.; Wenham, S.R. (1998). “The impact of rear illumination on bifacial solar cells with ¯oating junction passivation”. Proceedings of the 2nd World Conference and Exhibition on Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conversion, Vienna: 1515–1518
